Revista Reuna
Planeación Estratégica en la PYME y su Relación con el Desempeño: estudio empírico en empresas españolas
Resumo
En este trabajo se estudian las características de las Pequeñas y Medianas empresas (PYME) que llevan a cabo planeación estratégica (tamaño, edad, sector, estructura de la propiedad, formación del gerente, innovación y tecnología y sistemas de control de gestión), distinguiendo el horizonte temporal a corto y largo plazo. Adicionalmente, se analiza la relación entre la planeación estratégica y el rendimiento de la PYME. Bajo un enfoque conceptual de la Teoría de los Recursos y Capacidades de la Empresa, se lleva a cabo un estudio empírico utilizando una muestra de 1,170 PYME industriales de la región de Murcia (España). La recolección de la información se realizó vía fax con seguimiento telefónico, utilizando un cuestionario autoadministrado dirigido al gerente de la empresa. Los resultados muestran que los factores relacionados con el tamaño, la formación universitaria del gerente y la actividad innovadora de la PYME son los que en mayor medida distinguen a las empresas que llevan a cabo planeación en el seno de su organización, y que las empresas que planean a largo plazo obtienen un mayor rendimiento.
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